Free Psychology Books: Freud, Jung, Klein the Fenceless Field by Fordham

Freud, Jung, Klein the Fenceless Field by Fordham

Dora’s analysis was conducted in 1900 after Freud had completed The Interpretation of Dreams,which was the basis for his later work and development. ‘Dora’, as the case was called, was written as a supplement to that volume and shows us, amongst other things, Freud analysing two dreams of his patient. The case was first written up in 1901 but not published till 1905, which is the version translated in the Standard Edition(SE). It appears that the ‘Postscript’ was written some time after the main body of the text, for it contains a discussion of the transference which Freud does not refer to much in his account of Dora’s analysis. This is the first of the masterly clinical studies to be considered. They are all descriptions of Freud at work and repay reading over and over again. It starts with thoughts about the problem of case presentation and reveals Freud’s sensitivity to his patient’s feelings. Early on in this first part is an account of how impossible it is to obtain a coherent history of an hysterical patient, so that only at the end of treatment can a more complete account of it be constructed. There are at the beginning deliberate concealments but more gaps due to repression. In other words, the difficulty of history taking is recognized as a symptom. Freud commented that in current accounts of hysterical patients the histories were made coherent—other clinicians had not understood, or had even observed incorrectly. This is only one example of Freud’s acute, indeed astonishing, capacity for observation, which converts what others might call theories or speculation into facts. It is this capacity which lends so often to conviction as to the truth of what he says. Freud remarks that he has not gone into the technique of his work, but I think that it is sufficiently displayed in the account he gives. It is quite clear, for instance, that he has given up the use of forced association derived from the practice of hypnosis: he now lets the patient choose the subject matter to be gone into, a claim which must be thought of in relation to Freud’s sophisticated questioning, translations and interpretations, which all influence the direction the analysis takes. None the less, he always records and listens to his patient’s response, making his relation to Dora much more of a dialectic than the stern projection screen which pictures how psychoanalysts are supposed to behave. Whether that was ever psychoanalytic procedure I do not know, but it is not so in Dora’s case nor in case material which we will examine later.

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