If you are a social scientist and you plan to write about the past—for example, about the ending of the Cold War or the vicissitudes of the Venezuelan oil industry or the twisting course of democracy promotion in the Philippines or in Haiti—then you will have to adopt the method of historians. 2 That is, you will have to go to the archives. Virtually all social scientists preparing to write a dissertation in international or comparative or area studies today take it for granted that they will be conducting research abroad, in the field, for 1 or 3 or 6 or 12 months, perhaps in Cairo or Jakarta, Maracaibo or Baku, Paris or Chiapas. Much of their training before and after taking general exams or writing qualifying papers is geared (we hope) toward developing the skills and techniques necessary for this fieldwork: studying Tagalog or Farsi or Spanish, designing appropriate survey instruments, making contacts with research institutions and scholars, taking classes in and practicing ethno-graphic methods, figuring out where to find data sets that they need or how to build their own, and the like. Virtually no one successfully obtains fund-ing and begins a project away from home without first demonstrating some degree of sophistication and rigor about place and about method. Writing seriously about a place in a time other than one’s own.....................
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